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The guest is arylazopyrazole (AAP) having two configurations: the trans (straight) version can fit into the CD cavity, while the cis (bent) version cannot. By using light of two different wavelengths, the AAP can be switched back and forth between its two forms at will. CD is modified by attaching paclitaxel, which can connect the complex to microtubules (protein filaments). The self‐assembling morphology of microtubules can be photo‐tuned, switched between ordered and disordered structures by the host–guest interaction of paclitaxel‐modified β‐cyclodextrin (PTX‐CD) and photochromic AAP.
 
Wiley. "Nanoaggregation on command: Light-controlled reversible aggregation of microtubules mediated by paclitaxel-modified cyclodextrin." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 28 June 2018. .
Ying-Ming Zhang et al. Photo-Controlled Reversible Microtubule Assembly Mediated by Paclitaxel-Modified Cyclodextrin, Angewandte Chemie International Edition (2018). DOI: 10.1002/anie.201804620

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